Branch: Kaiserliche Heer / Reichsheer / Wehrmacht Heer
Born: 2 January 1886 in Berlin, Germany.
Died: 30 August 1944 in Plötzensee Prison in Berlin,
Germany.
Ranks:
General der Infanterie 1 April
1939
Generalleutnant 1 October
1937
Generalmajor 1 October 1935
Oberst 1 December 1932
Oberstleutnant 1 February
1930
Major 1 January 1925
Hauptmann 1 February 1924
Oberleutnant
Leutnant 27 January 1906
Fähnrich
Decorations:
Iron Cross 1914
2nd Class
1st Class
Cross of Honor for Combatants
Clasp to the Iron Cross
2nd Class
1st Class
Armed Forces Service Awards
Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 21 August 1941
German Cross in Silver 14 February 1944
Commands:
5. Kompanie, in 3. (Preuß.) Infanterie-Regiment
Takes command on 1 February 1924
Ends command on
II. Bataillons, 5. (Preuß.) Infanterie-Regiment
Takes command on 1929
Ends command on
30. Infanterie-Division
Takes command on 4 February 1938
Ends command on
II. Armeekorps
Takes command on 30 May 1940
Ends command on 21 June 1940
17. Armee
Takes command on 22 February 1941
Ends command on 5 October 1941
Other: Personnel
Articles:
Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel was born on 2 January 1886
in Berlin, Germany and was a serving member of the Wehrmacht
Heer during the Second World War and managed to attain the
rank of General der Infanterie and also participated in the
20 July assassination plot to kill
Adolf
Hitler. Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel went on to command
the following 5. Kompanie, in 3. (Preuß.) Infanterie-Regiment,
II. Bataillons, 5. (Preuß.) Infanterie-Regiment, 30.
Infanterie-Division, II. Armeekorps and 17. Armee
Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel joined the Kaiserliche Heer
straight from school in 1904, and in the World War I, Carl-Heinrich
von Stülpnagel was a general staff officer. After the
war Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel served in the Reichsheer.
On 1 February 1924 Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel was promoted
to Hauptmann, and in 1925 was promoted to Major, Carl-Heinrich
von Stülpnagel was then given command of the II. Bataillons,
5. (Preuß.) Infanterie-Regiment (2nd Battalion of the
(Prussian) 5th Infantry Regiment) based at Neuruppin. In 1933
Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel was promoted to the rank
of Oberst he was appointed head of the Fremde Heere ( T 3)
(Foreign Armies ( T 3)) branch of the General Staff of the
Army. During 1935 Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel published
a memo in which he combined anti-Bolshevism with anti-Semitism.
During 1936 Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel was promoted
to the rank of Generalmajor and given command of the 30. Infanterie-Division
(30th Infantry Division) which was stationed in Lübeck.
On 27 August 1937 Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel was promoted
to the rank of Generalleutnant, and then appointed Deputy
Chief of the Generalstab des Heeres (General Staff of the
Army) On 30 May 1940 Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel was
given command of the II. Armeekorps (2nd Army Corps).
In 1938, the Blomberg-Fritsch Affair and the Sudeten Crisis
led to a dampening of Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel's
enthusiasm for the National Socialist regime in Germany. It
was during this time that Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
made contact with the Schwarze Kapelle (Black Orchestra),
uncovering the secret plan for the invasion of Czechoslovakia.
On 20 December 1940 to 4 October 1941, Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
was promoted to General of Infantry and was commandant of
the 17. Armee (17th Army). On 22 June 1941, after the launch
of Operation Barbarossa, Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
successfully led 17. Armee (17th Army) across southern Soviet
Russia on the Eastern Front. Whilst under Carl-Heinrich von
Stülpnagel's command, the 17. Armee (17th Army) achieved
victory at Battle of Kiev and the Battle of Uman.
Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel also participated in the
military resistance plans, aimed at expelling
Adolf
Hitler and the National Socialists, but these plans were
for the most part given up after the Munich Agreement. In
spite of Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel participation in
the military resistance plot to assassinate
Adolf
Hitler, considerable archival evidence suggests that during
his tenure as commandant of the 17. Armee (17th Army) and
military governor of France, Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
was involved in war crimes. In Russia, Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
signed many orders authorising reprisals against civilians
for partisan attacks and closely cooperated with the Einsatzgruppen
in their large-scale executions of Jews. Carl-Heinrich von
Stülpnagel rebuked his soldiers not for the murder of
noncombatants but for disorderly way it was undertaken. Carl-Heinrich
von Stülpnagel ordered his troops to concentrate on Jews
and communist civilians.
During March 1942, Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel was made
Militärbefehlshaber Frankreich (military commander in
France), and in this position, Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
, along with his personal assistant Caesar von Hofacker, went
head with their plans to rid Germany of
Adolf
Hitler. Caesar von Hofacker functioned as Carl-Heinrich
von Stülpnagel's link with Claus von Stauffenberg, who
finally carried out the assassination attempt on
Adolf
Hitler at the Wolfsschanze (Wolf's Lair) in East Prussia.
On 20 July 1944, Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel put his
part of the plot into operation. This mainly required having
Hans Otfried von Linstow, who was only told of the plot on
that same day, round up all Schutzstaffel (Waffen SS) and
Gestapo officers in Paris and incarcerate them. Even so, when
it became evident that the assassination attempt in East Prussia
had failed, Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel was not able
to win over
Günther
von Kluge to support the insurrection and was coerced
to let his prisoners go. Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
was then recalled from Paris, capital of France, Carl-Heinrich
von Stülpnagel stopped at Verdun and tried to commit
suicide by shooting himself in the head with a handgun on
the banks of the Meuse River. Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
only managed to blind himself. Whilst Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
was in imprisonment, he reportedly shouted out the name
Erwin
Rommel in hysteria. Because of this
Erwin
Rommel was soon put under surveillance by the Waffen Schutzstaffel
(Waffen SS).
Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel and Caesar von Hofacker
were both apprehended by the Gestapo, and Carl-Heinrich
von Stülpnagel was brought before the Volksgerichtshof
(People's Court) on 30 August 1944. Carl-Heinrich von Stülpnagel
was found guilty of high treason and hanged the same day
at Plötzensee Prison in Berlin, Germany.
For a complete list of
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